Running time 558 minutes (theatrical edition length) Country New Zealand United States Language English Budget $281 million Box office $2.917 billion The Lord of the Rings is a consisting of three directed. They are based on the novel. The films are subtitled (2001), (2002) and (2003). They are a New Zealand-American venture produced by and and distributed. Considered to be one of the biggest and most ambitious film projects ever undertaken, with an overall budget of $281 million (some sources say $310-$330 million), the entire project took eight years, with the filming for all three films done simultaneously and entirely in, Jackson's native country. Each film in the series also had special extended editions released on DVD a year after their respective theatrical releases.

While the films follow the book's general storyline, they do omit some of the novel's plot elements and include some additions to and deviations from the source material. Set in the fictional world of, the films follow the () as he and a embark on a quest to destroy the, and thus ensure the destruction of its maker, the Dark Lord (). The Fellowship eventually splits up and Frodo continues the quest together with his loyal companion () and the treacherous (). Meanwhile, (), heir in exile to the throne of,,,, and, and the () unite to rally the in the.

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The series was received with overwhelming praise and was a major financial success, with the films collectively being of all time. The films were critically acclaimed and, winning 17 out of 30 total nominations. The final film in the series, The Return of the King, won all 11 of its Academy Award nominations including Best Picture, which also tied it with and for most Academy Awards received for a film. The series received wide praise for its innovative special and visual effects. Main article: Jackson began the series with in August 1997 and assigned his crew to begin designing Middle-earth at the same time. Jackson hired long-time collaborator to lead on five major design elements: armour, weapons, prosthetics/make-up, creatures, and miniatures. In November 1997, famed Tolkien illustrators and joined the project.

Most of the imagery in the films is based on their various illustrations. Was charged with the task of converting Lee and Howe's designs into architecture, creating models of the sets, while worked as, scouting locations and organising the building of sets. Jackson's vision of was described as being ' meets '. Jackson wanted a gritty realism and historical regard for the fantasy, and attempted to make the world rational and believable. For example, the helped build months before filming began so the plants could really grow. Creatures were designed to be biologically believable, such as the enormous wings of the to help it fly.

In total, 48,000 pieces of armour, 500 bows, and 10,000 arrows were created by Weta Workshop. They also created many prosthetics, such as 1,800 pairs of Hobbit feet for the lead actors, as well as many ears, noses, and heads for the cast, and around 19,000 costumes were woven and aged. Every prop was specially designed by the Art Department, taking the different scales into account. A helmet of the Rohirrim.

For all three films was conducted concurrently in many locations within New Zealand's conservation areas and national parks. Filming took place between 11 October 1999 and 22 December 2000, a period of 438 days. Shoots were conducted annually from 2001 to 2003.

The series was shot at over 150 different locations, with seven different units shooting, as well as soundstages around and. Along with Jackson directing the whole production, other unit directors included John Mahaffie,,, Barrie Osbourne, Rick Porras, and any other assistant director, producer, or writer available. Jackson monitored these units with live satellite feeds, and with the added pressure of constant script re-writes and the multiple units interpreting his envisioned result, he only got around four hours of sleep a night.

Due to the remoteness of some of the locations, the crew would also bring survival kits in case helicopters could not reach the location to bring them home in time. The was criticised for approving the filming within national parks without adequate consideration of the adverse environmental effects and without public notification. The adverse effects of filming battle scenes in meant that the park later required restoration work. See also: The three films together were nominated for a total of 30, of which they won 17, a record for any movie trilogy (the three nominations for and along with the single nomination for brings the series' total to 37 nominations). The Fellowship of the Ring earned thirteen nominations, the most of any film at the, winning four. The Return of the King won in every category in which it was nominated, setting the current Oscar record for the highest clean sweep, and its 11 wins ties the record held by and (though both of those films had additional nominations that they ultimately lost). The Return of the King became only the second sequel to win the Oscar for Best Picture (after ) and the first and only fantasy film to receive this honor, though this has been widely perceived as an award by proxy for the entire series (the first two films were also nominated for Best Picture).

No actors in any of the three films won Oscars, and was the only actor in the trilogy to receive a nomination, for his work in The Fellowship of the Ring. • The Fellowship of the Ring – Nominations: 13, Wins: 4 • The Two Towers — Nominations: 6, Wins: 2 • The Return of the King — Nominations: 11, Wins: 11 Award Awards Won The Fellowship of the Ring The Two Towers The Return of the King Nominated Nominated Won Nominated Won Nominated Nominated Won Nominated Nominated Won Won Nominated Won Nominated Nominated Won Won Won Won Won Nominated Won / Nominated Nominated Won Won Won Won Won As well as Academy Awards, each film in the series won the, the, and the. The first and third films also won the. The soundtrack for The Two Towers did not receive a nomination because of a rule prohibiting a soundtrack including music from a previous soundtrack to be eligible for nomination. This rule was changed in time for The Return of the King to receive the Oscar for Best Music Score.

The New York Film Critics Circle awarded The Return of the King its Best Picture Award at the 2003 Awards Ceremony, hosted by, chair of the organization at that time, who called it 'a masterful piece of filmmaking.' Reactions to changes in the films from the books [ ]. See also: The film series provoked both positive and negative reaction from fans and scholars of the novels, and was sometimes seen as changing parts Tolkien felt thematically necessary in terms of characters, themes, events and subtlety. How To Solve Rubik.

Some fans of the book who disagreed with such changes have released of the films such as The Lord of the Rings: The Purist Edition, which removed many of the changes to bring them closer to the original. Various changes to characters such as,,,,,, and, when considered together, were seen by some to alter the tone and themes found in the books. Several critics contend that the portrayal of women, especially Arwen, in the films is thematically faithful to (or compatible with) Tolkien's writings despite some differences., a, said of the first two films that he found them to be 'travesties as adaptations.

Faithful only on a basic level of plot' and that many characters had not been depicted faithfully to their appearance in the novel. Other critics have argued that Tolkien's characters were weakened and misinterpreted by their portrayal in the films. Changes to events (such as the Elves participating at the, Faramir taking the hobbits to, and the deletion of the chapter ') are also seen as changing Tolkien's themes. Criticized the films using Tolkien's own terms 'anticipation' and 'flattening', which she used in critiquing a. She contrasts Tolkien's subtlety with Jackson's tendency to show 'too much too soon'. Supporters of the series assert that it is a worthy interpretation of the book and that most of the changes were necessary. Many who worked on the series are fans of the book, including, who (alone among the cast) had actually met Tolkien in person, and once noted that no matter what, it is simply their interpretation of the book.

Jackson once said that to simply summarize the story on screen would be a mess, and in his own words, 'Sure, it's not really The Lord of the Rings. But it could still be a pretty damn cool movie.' Other fans also claim that, despite any changes, the films serve as a tribute to the book, appealing to those who have not yet read it, and even leading some to do so. The Movie Guide for The Encyclopedia of (an online Tolkien encyclopedia) states that Jackson's films were exceptional since filming the whole story of The Lord of the Rings was probably impossible. This notion is partially supported by a review published in 2005 that otherwise criticized a lack of 'faithfulness to Tolkien's spirit and tone.'

Argues that the conservative community spirit of Tolkien's Shire is reflected in Jackson's films as well as the division of the Fellowship into 'squabbling races'. In a 2006 review, film theorist Kristin Thompson was critical about the fact that film studies were undertaken by literary researchers and about the frequent denigration of Jackson's work in the collected essays.

They eviscerated the book by making it an action movie for young people aged 15 to 25, and it seems that will be the same kind of film. [.] Tolkien has become a monster, devoured by his own popularity and absorbed by the absurdity of our time. Python Password List Generator more. The chasm between the beauty and seriousness of the work, and what it has become, has gone too far for me. Such commercialisation has reduced the aesthetic and philosophical impact of this creation to nothing.

There is only one solution for me: turning my head away. ” —,, 9 July 2012 The release of the films saw a surge of interest in The Lord of the Rings and Tolkien's other works, vastly increasing his impact on popular culture. It was rumored that the Tolkien family became split on the series, with and his son feuding over whether or not it was a good idea to adapt.

Christopher has since denied these claims, saying, 'My own position is that The Lord of the Rings is peculiarly unsuitable to transformation into visual dramatic form. The suggestions that have been made that I 'disapprove' of the films, even to the extent of thinking ill of those with whom I may differ, are wholly without foundation.' He added that he had never 'expressed any such feeling'. In 2012, however, he described the films as having 'eviscerated' the book, and criticized the resulting 'commercialisation' of his father's work. As a result of the series' success, Peter Jackson has become a major player in the film business (sometimes called a ) in the mold of and, in the process befriending some industry heavyweights like and. Jackson has since founded his own film production company,, as well as Wingnut Interactive, a video game company. He was also finally given a chance to remake in 2005.

The film was a critical and box office success, although not as successful as The Lord of the Rings series. Jackson has been called a 'favourite son' of New Zealand. In 2004, Howard Shore toured with The Lord of the Rings Symphony, playing two hours of the score. Along with the, the series has renewed interest in the fantasy film genre. Is up, possibly due to its exposure in the series, with the country's tourism industry waking up to an audience's familiarity. Painted this in The Lord of the Rings livery to help promote the films.

In December 2002, opened at the in, New Zealand. As of 2007, the exhibition has traveled to seven other cities around the world. A of the book was launched in, Ontario, Canada, in 2006, but it closed after mostly poor reviews. A opened in London, United Kingdom, in the summer of 2007. The success of the films has also spawned numerous video games and many other kinds of merchandise.

The legacy of The Lord of the Rings is also that of court cases over profits from the trilogy. Sixteen cast members ( (),,, Ray Henwood,, William Johnson,,,,,,,, Peter Tait and ()) sued over the lack of revenue from merchandise bearing their appearance. The case was resolved out of court in 2008. The settlement came too late for Appleby, who died of cancer in 2007. Also filed a lawsuit in 2004 claiming he had not been paid all of his royalties.

The next year, Jackson himself sued the studio over profits from the first film, slowing development of the prequels until late 2007. Filed a lawsuit in February 2008, for violating Tolkien's original deal over the rights that they would earn 7.5% of the gross from any films based on his works. The Trust sought compensation of $150 million. A judge denied them this option, but allowed them to win compensation from the act of the studio ignoring the contract itself. On 8 September 2009, a settlement of this dispute between the Trust and New Line was announced, clearing a potential obstacle to the making of a new film based on. Video games [ ] Numerous video games have been released to supplement the film series.

The releases include:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, and. The Hobbit [ ].